Bitewe nubushobozi bwazo hamwe nubucucike bukabije, moteri ihoraho ya magnetique ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byinshi byinganda, cyane cyane kuri sisitemu yo gukora cyane nka sisitemu yo gutwara ubwato.Moteri zihoraho za moteri ntizisaba gukoresha impeta zinyerera kugirango zishimishe, kugabanya kubungabunga rotor nigihombo.Moteri ihoraho ya moteri ikora neza kandi ikwiranye na sisitemu yo gukora cyane nkibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC, robotike na sisitemu yo gukora yikora mu nganda.
Mubisanzwe, igishushanyo mbonera no kubaka moteri ihoraho ya moteri ikomatanya igomba gutekereza kuri stator na rotor kugirango ubone moteri ikora cyane.
Imiterere ya moteri ihoraho ya moteri
Umuyaga- icyuho cya magnetiki flux yuzuye:Kugenwa ukurikije igishushanyo cya moteri idahwitse, nibindi, igishushanyo mbonera cya rukuruzi ihoraho no gukoresha ibisabwa byihariye kugirango uhindure stator.Mubyongeyeho, hafatwa ko stator ari stator yashyizwe ahagaragara.Ubucucike bwimyuka yumuyaga bugarukira kubwuzuye bwa stator.By'umwihariko, impinga ya flux yuzuye igarukira ku bugari bw'amenyo y'ibikoresho, mu gihe inyuma ya stator igena umubare ntarengwa wuzuye.
Byongeye kandi, urwego rwemewe rwo kwiyuzuzamo rushingiye kubisabwa.Mubisanzwe, moteri ikora neza ifite umuvuduko muke wa flux, mugihe moteri yagenewe ubwinshi bwumuriro ufite umuvuduko mwinshi.Ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere bwo hejuru buri hagati ya 0.7-1.1 Tesla.Twabibutsa ko ubu aribwo bwuzuye bwuzuye, ni ukuvuga igiteranyo cya rotor na stator fluxes.Ibi bivuze ko niba imbaraga za armature reaction ari nke, bivuze ko guhuza torque ari hejuru.
Ariko, kugirango ugere ku ntererano nini yo kwanga torque, imbaraga za reaction za stator zigomba kuba nini.Imashini yimashini yerekana ko m nini na inductance L isabwa cyane cyane kugirango ibone itara.Mubisanzwe birakwiriye gukora munsi yumuvuduko wibanze kuko inductance yo hejuru igabanya ibintu byingufu.
Ibikoresho bya rukuruzi zihoraho:
Imashini zifite uruhare runini mubikoresho byinshi, kubwibyo rero, kunoza imikorere yibi bikoresho ni ngombwa cyane, kandi kuri ubu hibandwa ku isi idasanzwe hamwe n’ibikoresho bishingiye ku nzibacyuho ishobora kubona magnesi zihoraho zifite imiterere ya magneti.Ukurikije ikoranabuhanga, magnesi zifite imiterere ya magnetique na mashini zitandukanye kandi zigaragaza kurwanya ruswa.
NdFeB (Nd2Fe14B) na Samarium Cobalt (Sm1Co5 na Sm2Co17) ni ibikoresho bigezweho byubucuruzi bihoraho bigezweho muri iki gihe.Muri buri cyiciro cyisi idasanzwe ya magneti harimo amanota atandukanye.Magnet ya NdFeB yagurishijwe mu ntangiriro ya za 1980.Zikoreshwa cyane uyumunsi mubikorwa byinshi bitandukanye.Igiciro cyibi bikoresho bya magneti (kubicuruzwa byingufu) biragereranywa nibya ferrite ya ferrite, kandi kuri kilo imwe, magnet ya NdFeB igura inshuro 10 kugeza kuri 20 zingana na ferrite.
Bimwe mubintu byingenzi bikoreshwa mukugereranya magnesi zihoraho ni: remanence (Mr), ipima imbaraga zumuriro wa magneti uhoraho, imbaraga zagahato (Hcj), ubushobozi bwibikoresho byo kurwanya demagnetisation, ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu (BHmax), ingufu za magneti ;Ubushyuhe bwa Curie (TC), ubushyuhe ibintu bitakaza magnetisme.Imashini ya Neodymium ifite imbaraga nyinshi, imbaraga nyinshi n’ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu, ariko muri rusange ni ubwoko bw’ubushyuhe bwo hasi bwa Curie, Neodymium ikorana na Terbium na Dysprosium mu rwego rwo gukomeza imiterere ya rukuruzi ku bushyuhe bwinshi.
Imashini ihoraho ya Magnetiki Igishushanyo mbonera
Mu gishushanyo mbonera cya moteri ihoraho (PMSM), iyubakwa rya rotor ya magnet ihoraho rishingiye kumurongo wa stator ya moteri ya induction yibice bitatu idahinduye geometrike ya stator na winding.Ibisobanuro na geometrie birimo: umuvuduko wa moteri, inshuro, umubare wibiti, uburebure bwa stator, imbere imbere ninyuma, umubare wibibanza bya rotor.Igishushanyo cya PMSM gikubiyemo gutakaza umuringa, inyuma ya EMF, gutakaza ibyuma no kwikuramo no kwizana, magnetiki flux, kurwanya stator, nibindi.
Kubara kwishira hamwe no kwishyira hamwe:
Inductance L irashobora gusobanurwa nkigipimo cya flux ihuza na flux itanga amashanyarazi I, muri Henrys (H), angana na Weber kuri ampere.Inductor ni igikoresho gikoreshwa mukubika ingufu mumashanyarazi, bisa nuburyo capacitor ibika ingufu mumashanyarazi.Inductors ubusanzwe igizwe na coil, ubusanzwe ikomeretsa hafi ya ferrite cyangwa ferromagnetic, kandi agaciro kayo ka inductance kajyanye gusa nuburyo bwimiterere yumutware hamwe nubushobozi bwibintu binyuramo ibintu bya rukuruzi.
Intambwe zo gushakisha inductance nizi zikurikira:1. Tuvuge ko hari ikigezweho I mubayobora.2. Koresha amategeko ya Biot-Savart cyangwa amategeko ya Ampere (niba ahari) kugirango umenye ko B ihuye neza.3. Kubara flux yose ihuza imirongo yose.4. Kugwiza igiteranyo cya magnetiki yose hamwe numubare wizunguruka kugirango ubone flux ihuza, kandi ukore igishushanyo mbonera cya moteri ihoraho ya moteri isuzuma ibipimo bisabwa.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukoresha NdFeB nkibikoresho bya AC bihoraho bya magnet rotor byongereye imbaraga za magneti zituruka mu cyuho cy’ikirere, bigatuma igabanuka rya radiyo y'imbere ya stator, mu gihe radiyo y'imbere ya stator ikoresheje samarium cobalt ihoraho ibikoresho bya magnet rotor byari binini.Ibisubizo byerekana ko gutakaza umuringa neza muri NdFeB byagabanutseho 8.124%.Kuri samarium cobalt nkibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho, flux ya magnetique izaba ihindagurika rya sinusoidal.Mubisanzwe, igishushanyo mbonera no kubaka moteri ihoraho ya moteri ikomatanya igomba gutekereza kuri stator na rotor kugirango ubone moteri ikora cyane.
mu gusoza
Moteri ihoraho ya moteri (PMSM) ni moteri ikora ikoresha ibikoresho bya magnetiki bihanitse kugirango ikoreshwe, kandi ifite ibiranga imikorere ihanitse, imiterere yoroshye, hamwe no kugenzura byoroshye.Iyi moteri ihoraho ya moteri ikora ifite porogaramu zikurura, ibinyabiziga, robotike, hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryindege.Ubucucike bwimbaraga za moteri ihoraho ya moteri isumba iyindi ya moteri ya induction yo murwego rumwe kuko nta mbaraga za stator zagenewe kubyara umurima wa rukuruzi..
Kugeza ubu, igishushanyo cya PMSM ntigisaba imbaraga zisumbuye gusa, ahubwo gisaba misa yo hasi nigihe gito cyo kutagira inertia.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-01-2022