Ubu Tesla ntabwo irateganya guhindura isoko ry’imodoka y’amashanyarazi gusa, ahubwo irategura no kwerekana inzira y’inganda z’amashanyarazi ndetse n’inganda z’ikoranabuhanga ziri inyuma yazo. Mu nama y'abashoramari ba Tesla ku isi “Grand Plan 3” ku ya 2 Werurwe, Colin Campbell, visi perezida wa Tesla ushinzwe ingufu za powertrain, yagize ati: “Teslaizakora moteri yimashanyarazi ya Magnetic ihoraho kugirango igabanye uburemere nigiciro cyibikoresho bya elegitoroniki ”. Urebye ibimasa byaturikiye muri "Grand Plans" zabanjirije iyi, ibyinshi muri byo ntibyigeze bigerwaho (gutwara ibinyabiziga bidafite abadereva rwose, umuyoboro wa Robotaxi, abimukira ba Mars), ndetse bimwe byagabanijwe (selile izuba, satelite ya Starlink).Kubera iyo mpamvu, impande zose kumasoko Birakekwa koTesla ibyo bita "moteri yimodoka ihoraho yamashanyarazi idafite ibintu bidasanzwe byisi" irashobora kubaho muri PPT gusa.Ariko, kubera ko igitekerezo kirenze urugero (niba gishobora kugerwaho, kizaba inyundo iremereye ku nganda zidasanzwe ku isi), abantu bo mu nganda "bafunguye" ibitekerezo bya Musk. Zhang Ming, impuguke nkuru y’ishoramari ry’ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa, umunyamabanga mukuru w’ishami rya Magnetic Materials ishami ry’inganda z’inganda zikoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, n’umuyobozi mukuru w’umuryango w’ubushinwa Rare Earth, yavuze ko ingamba za Musk ari ibisobanuro “ku gahato”, bijyanye na gahunda ya Amerika yo guteza imbere ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.Politiki ikosore ingamba zo gushora imari.Umwarimu wo mu ishami ry’amashanyarazi mu Ishuri ry’Ubukanishi muri kaminuza ya Shanghai yemeza ko Musk ashobora kuba afite umwanya we bwite wo kudakoresha isi idasanzwe: “Ntidushobora kuvuga ko abanyamahanga badakoresha isi idasanzwe, turabikurikiza.” Hari moteri idakoresha isi idasanzwe?
Moteri yimodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zikunze gukoreshwa kumasoko zirashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: ibidasaba isi idasanzwe, hamwe na moteri ihoraho ya magnetique isaba isi idasanzwe. Ihame ryitwa ihame shingiro ni electromagnetic induction ya tewolojiya ya fiziki yisumbuye, ikoresha coil kugirango itange magnetisme nyuma yamashanyarazi.Ugereranije na moteri ihoraho ya moteri, imbaraga na torque biri hasi, kandi amajwi ni manini;muburyo bunyuranye, moteri ihoraho ya moteri ikoresha neodymium fer boron (Nd-Fe-B) magnesi zihoraho, ni ukuvuga magnesi.Inyungu zayo ntabwo aruko imiterere yoroshye gusa, ariko cyane cyane, ingano irashobora gukorwa ntoya, ifite ibyiza byinshi kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi byibanda kumiterere yumwanya nuburemere. Imodoka ya Tesla yambere yamashanyarazi yakoresheje moteri ya AC idahwitse: kubanza, Model S na Model X yakoresheje induction ya AC, ariko kuva 2017, Model 3 yafashe moteri nshya ihoraho ya DC igihe yatangizwaga, nizindi moteri imwe yakoreshejwe kurugero .Amakuru yerekana ko moteri ya rukuruzi ihoraho ikoreshwa muri Tesla Model 3 ikora neza 6% kuruta moteri ya induction yakoreshejwe mbere. Moteri zihoraho za moteri na moteri idahwitse nabyo birashobora guhuzwa hamwe.Kurugero, Tesla ikoresha moteri ya AC induction kumuziga wimbere hamwe na moteri ihoraho ya magnetiki ihuza ibiziga byinyuma kuri Model 3 nubundi bwoko.Ubu bwoko bwa Hybrid Drive buringaniza imikorere nubushobozi, kandi bugabanya no gukoresha ibikoresho bidasanzwe byisi. Nubwo ugereranije nubushobozi buhanitse bwa moteri ihoraho ya moteri ihoraho, imikorere ya moteri ya AC idahwitse iri hasi gato, ariko iyanyuma ntabwo isaba gukoresha isi idasanzwe, kandi ikiguzi gishobora kugabanuka hafi 10% ugereranije niyambere.Dukurikije imibare ya Zheshang Securities, agaciro ka magneti yisi idasanzwe ihoraho kuri moteri yo gutwara amagare yimodoka nshya yingufu ni 1200-1600.Niba ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu bitaye isi idasanzwe, ntabwo bizagira uruhare runini mukugabanya ibiciro kuruhande rwibiciro, kandi umubare munini wurugendo ruzatambwa mubikorwa. Ariko kuri Tesla, ihangayikishijwe no kugenzura ibiciro uko byagenda kose, iyi mvura ntishobora gutekerezwa.Bwana Zhang, umuntu bireba ushinzwe gutanga amashanyarazi mu gihugu, yemereye "Indorerezi z’amashanyarazi" ko moteri ishobora kugera kuri 97% ukoresheje ibikoresho bidasanzwe bya magneti bihoraho, na 93% bidafite isi idasanzwe, ariko ikiguzi kirashobora kugabanukaho 10%, biracyari byiza muri rusange.Bya. None se moteri Tesla iteganya gukoresha mugihe kizaza?Ibisobanuro byinshi ku isoko byananiwe kuvuga impamvu.Reka dusubire kumagambo yumwimerere ya Colin Campbell kugirango tumenye: Navuze uburyo bwo kugabanya ingano yisi idasanzwe muri powertrain mugihe kizaza.Ibisabwa ku isi idasanzwe biriyongera cyane uko isi ihinduka ingufu zisukuye.Ntabwo bizagorana gusa kuzuza iki cyifuzo, ariko gucukura ubutaka budasanzwe bifite ingaruka zimwe mubijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije nibindi.Twashizeho rero igisekuru kizaza cya moteri ihoraho ya moteri, idakoresha ibikoresho byisi bidasanzwe na gato. Reba, ibisobanuro byumwimerere bimaze gusobanuka neza.Igisekuru kizaza kiracyakoresha moteri ihoraho, ntabwo ubundi bwoko bwa moteri.Ariko, kubera ibintu nko kurengera ibidukikije no gutanga, ibintu bidasanzwe byubutaka muri moteri ihoraho ya magneti bigomba kuvaho.Isimbuze nibindi bihendutse kandi byoroshye-kubona ibintu!Birakenewe kugira imikorere ihanitse ya magnesi zihoraho utiriwe uguma mu ijosi.Iki nicyo gitekerezo cya Tesla cyo "gukenera byombi"! Nibihe bintu bikozwe mubikoresho bishobora guhaza ibyifuzo bya Tesla?Konti rusange "RIO Electric Drive" itangirira kumurongo wubu wa magneti atandukanye ahoraho, kandiamaherezo aratekereza ko Tesla ishobora gukoresha igisekuru cya kane cyama rukuruzi ya SmFeN kugirango isimbure NdFeB iriho mugihe kizaza.Hariho impamvu zibiri: Nubwo Sm nayo ari isi idasanzwe Ibintu, ariko igikonjo cyisi gikungahaye kubirimo, igiciro gito kandi gitangwa bihagije;kandi ukurikije imikorere, samarium fer azote ni ibikoresho bya magnetiki ibyuma byegereye isi idasanzwe neodymium fer boron. 
Gutondekanya magnesi zitandukanye zihoraho (Inkomoko yishusho: RIO Amashanyarazi) Hatitawe ku bikoresho Tesla azakoresha mu gusimbuza isi idasanzwe mu gihe kiri imbere, umurimo wihutirwa wa Musk ushobora kuba ukugabanya ibiciro.Nubwo Teslaigisubizo ku isoko kirashimishije, ntabwo gitunganye, kandi isoko iracyafite ibyifuzo byinshi kuri yo.
Icyerekezo Amaganya Inyuma Yinjiza Raporo
Ku ya 26 Mutarama 2023, Tesla yatanze amakuru ya raporo y’imari 2022: ayose hamwe y’imodoka zirenga miliyoni 1.31 zatanzwe ku isi, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 40%;amafaranga yinjije agera kuri miliyari 81.5 US $, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 51%;inyungu zunguka zingana na miliyari 12.56 US $, zikubye kabiri umwaka ushize, kandi zunguka inyungu mumyaka itatu ikurikiranye. 
Tesla gukuba kabiri inyungu muri 2022
Inkomoko yamakuru: Tesla Raporo yimari yisi yose
Nubwo raporo y’imari y’igihembwe cya mbere cy’umwaka wa 2023 itazatangazwa kugeza ku ya 20 Mata, ukurikije uko bigenda, iyi ishobora kuba ari indi karita ya raporo yuzuyemo “ibitunguranye”: mu gihembwe cya mbere, umusaruro wa Tesla ku isi warenze 440.000..Imashanyarazi, umwaka-ku mwaka kwiyongera 44.3%;imodoka zirenga 422.900 zatanzwe, zikaba ziri hejuru cyane, umwaka-ku mwaka wiyongereyeho 36%.Muri byo, moderi ebyiri nyamukuru, Model 3 na Model Y, zakoze imodoka zirenga 421.000 kandi zitanga imodoka zirenga 412,000;Moderi ya S na Model X yakoze imodoka zirenga 19.000 kandi itanga imodoka zirenga 10,000.Mu gihembwe cya mbere, kugabanuka kwa Tesla ku isi byatanze umusaruro ushimishije.
Igurishwa rya Tesla mu gihembwe cya mbere Inkomoko yishusho: Urubuga rwemewe rwa Tesla Birumvikana ko ingamba zifatika zirimo kugabanya ibiciro gusa, ahubwo no kwinjiza ibicuruzwa bihendutse.Mu minsi mike ishize, byavuzwe ko Tesla iteganya gushyira ahagaragara moderi ihendutse, ishyirwa kuri “Model Model Y”, aho Tesla yubaka gahunda y’ubushobozi bw’umusaruro ngarukamwaka y’imodoka zigera kuri miliyoni 4.Ku bwa Cui Dongshu, umunyamabanga mukuru w’ishyirahamwe ry’amakuru ku isoko ry’imodoka zitwara abagenzi,niba Tesla itangije moderi hamwe nibiciro biri hasi hamwe n amanota mato, izatwara neza amasoko nku Burayi nu Buyapani bikunda ibinyabiziga bito byamashanyarazi.Iyi moderi irashobora kuzana Tesla igipimo cyogutanga kwisi yose kurenza kure Model 3.
Mu 2022, Musk yigeze kuvuga ko Tesla izafungura inganda nshya 10 kugeza 12 vuba aha, hagamijwe kugera ku igurishwa ry’imodoka miliyoni 20 mu 2030. Ariko mbega ukuntu bizagora Tesla kugera kuntego yo kugurisha buri mwaka yimodoka miliyoni 20 niba zishingiye kubicuruzwa bihari: Muri2022, isosiyete y’imodoka yagurishijwe cyane ku isi izaba Toyota Motor, igurishwa buri mwaka n’imodoka zigera kuri miliyoni 10.5, ikurikirwa na Volkswagen, hamwe n’igurisha ry’imodoka miliyoni 10.5.Ibicuruzwa bigera kuri miliyoni 8.3 byagurishijwe.Intego ya Tesla irenze kugurisha Toyota hamwe na Volkswagen!Isoko ryisi nini cyane, kandi inganda zimodoka zuzuye zuzuye, ariko iyo hamaze gutangizwa imodoka yamashanyarazi yuzuye yingana na 150.000, hamwe na sisitemu yimodoka ya Tesla, irashobora guhinduka ibicuruzwa bizahungabanya isoko. Igiciro cyamanutse kandi ibicuruzwa byagurishijwe byazamutse.Kugirango tumenye inyungu, kugabanya ibiciro byabaye amahitamo byanze bikunze.Ariko nk'uko Tesla aherutse gutangaza ku mugaragaro,isi idasanzwe moteri ihoraho ya moteri, icyo kureka ntabwo ari magnesi zihoraho, ahubwo ni isi idasanzwe! Nyamara, siyansi yubumenyi iriho irashobora kudashobora gushyigikira ibyifuzo bya Tesla.Raporo yubushakashatsi bwibigo byinshi, harimo na CICC, yerekanye ko aribyobiragoye kumenya kuvanaho isi idasanzwe kuri moteri ihoraho ya magneti mugihe giciriritse.Bigaragara ko niba Tesla yiyemeje gusezera ku isi idasanzwe, agomba kwitabaza abahanga aho kuba PPT.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-14-2023 