Guhindura inganda zimodoka zi Burayi no kugwa kwamasosiyete yimodoka yo mubushinwa

Uyu mwaka, usibye MG (SAIC)na Xpeng Motors, iyobyabanje kugurishwa muburayi, NIO na BYD byombi byakoresheje isoko ryiburayi nkibibaho binini.Ubwenge bunini burasobanutse:

●Ibihugu bikomeye by’Uburayi Ubudage, Ubufaransa, Ubutaliyani n’ibihugu byinshi by’Uburayi bw’iburengerazuba bifite inkunga, kandi ibihugu by’amajyaruguru bizagira imisoro nyuma y’inkunga zirangiye.Moderi imwe irashobora kugurwa hejuru muburayi kuruta mubushinwa, kandi irashobora gukorerwa mubushinwa no koherezwa muburayi ku giciro cyo hejuru.

●Moderi yazamuwe n’amasosiyete y’imodoka z’i Burayi mu Bushinwa, kuva BBA kugeza Volkswagen, Toyota, Honda n’imodoka z’Abafaransa, zose zabonye ikibazo.Itera iratinda, igiciro kiri hejuru, kandi hariho intera hagati yo guhatana kwacu no kubigiramo uruhare.

1. Igicapo 1. Igurishwa ryamasosiyete yimodoka i Burayi muri 2022

Vuba aha, Perezida wa ACEA akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru wa BMW, Oliver Zipse yagize icyo avuga ku bihe bimwe na bimwe: “Kugira ngo isubiranamo ryiyongere ndetse n’isoko rinini mu kugurisha ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi, Uburayi bugomba byihutirwa gushyiraho uburyo bukwiye, urwego runini rw’ibihugu by’i Burayi. .Kwihangana, itegeko ry’ibanze ry’ibihugu by’Uburayi kugira ngo harebwe ingamba zifatika zigenewe ibinyabiziga bikenerwa n’amashanyarazi, no kwihutisha ibikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza.Ibintu by'ingenzi byabaye mu myaka mike ishize, nka Brexit, icyorezo cya coronavirus, icyuma gitanga amasoko hamwe n'intambara yo mu Burusiya na Ukraine, Ibi bintu byagize ingaruka ku biciro no gutanga ingufu, n'umuvuduko, ubujyakuzimu ndetse n'ibidateganijwe ku isi. guhinduka.Ibi birareba cyane cyane mu rwego rwa politiki, aho inganda n’urunigi rw’agaciro bifitanye isano ritaziguye. ”

Tubivuze mu buryo bworoshe, amategeko atandukanye agenga iburayi agira ingaruka zikomeye ku iterambere ry’amasosiyete y’imodoka z’i Burayi.Hamwe na politiki zitandukanye, inganda z’imodoka zi Burayi ziri mu bihe bidakomeye.ACEA yavuguruye iteganyagihe ryayo rya mbere ko isoko ry’imodoka z’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi rizasubira mu iterambere mu 2022, riteganya ko uyu mwaka uzagabanuka, ukamanuka kuri 1% ukagera kuri miliyoni 9,6.Ugereranije n'imibare ya 2019, kugurisha imodoka byagabanutseho 26% mu myaka itatu gusa.

▲ Ishusho 2.Kugurisha imodoka mu Burayi

Mubyukuri, mugihe amasosiyete yimodoka yabashinwa yinjiye muburayi muriki gihe, ntibazi amafaranga binjiza mubijyanye ninyungu zubukungu, ariko imbogamizi zakarere zizaba nini.Winjiza amamiliyaridi, kandi ibibazo bya geopolitiki byazanywe bishobora gusaba gusuzuma neza.Ibi ni nkibintu bimeze mumasosiyete yimodoka yabayapani yinjira mumasoko yo muri Amerika.Ikintu cyo kumenya ni uko isano iri hagati yabaturage bafite akazi ninganda zitwara ibinyabiziga i Burayi, nibibazo byubukungu na ZZ byakurikiyeho bifite inkomoko imwe.

▲ Ishusho 3.Ibibazo by'akazi bifitanye isano itaziguye na Politiki i Burayi

Igice cya 1

Uruhare rwinganda zitwara ibinyabiziga kwisi yose

Mugihe ibihugu bitanga imodoka bihatanira isoko kurwego rwo kugabanuka kwisi yose ku modoka, kongera ubushobozi.Amarushanwa yose kuva mubicuruzwa byimodoka kugeza kumarushanwa yisoko byanze bikunze, kandi biroroshye guhatanira isoko ryimbere mu gihugu.

▲ Ishusho 4.Imiterere yumusaruro wimodoka kwisi

Turabona ikibazo gikomeye cyane muburayi, aho nkuko mubibona hepfo, umusaruro wimodoka zi Burayi wagabanutse imyaka 4 yikurikiranya.

▲ Igicapo 5.Incamake yumusaruro wimodoka zi Burayi

Mu 2021, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi uzohereza mu mahanga imodoka zitwara abagenzi miliyoni 5.1, naho imodoka z’abagenzi z’Uburayi ziri mu bihugu 10 bya mbere ku isi(Ubwongereza, Amerika, Ubushinwa, Turukiya, Ukraine, Ubusuwisi, Ubuyapani, Koreya y'Epfo, Noruveje n'ibihugu byo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati).

Bitandukanye n'ibitekerezo bya buri wese, umubare w'imodoka zoherezwa mu Burayi mu Bushinwa ni 410.000 gusa ku mwaka.Irashobora kugabanuka muri 2022. Mu isesengura rya nyuma, uburenganzira n’inyungu z’inganda z’imodoka z’i Burayi mu Bushinwa ahanini zishingiye ku ishoramari ry’ibanze ry’inganda z’imodoka z’Abadage, ndetse n’imodoka zimwe zitumizwa mu mahanga.

▲ Igishusho 6.Kwohereza ibicuruzwa mu modoka z’iburayi

Dukurikije imibare ya IHS, kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Kanama 2022, kugurisha imodoka nshya zitwara abagenzi ku isi zageze kuri miliyoni 7.83, naho imodoka nshya z’abashinwa zitwara ingufu zingana na 38.6% ku isoko;Uburayi bwari isoko rya kabiri rinini, rifite isoko rya 27.2%.Muri byo, kugurisha ku isi hose ibinyabiziga bitwara abagenzi bikoresha amashanyarazi byari miliyoni 5.05, naho imodoka zitwara abagenzi zikoresha amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa zingana na 46.2%;Uburayi bwari isoko rya kabiri rinini ku isi, rifite isoko rya 21.8%.

Igice cya 2

Amasosiyete yimodoka yabashinwa muburayi

Turabona ko amasosiyete mashya yimodoka yingufu zubushinwa aracyakora cyane muburayi muriki gihe:

●Mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka, BYD yatangaje ko izafatanya na Hedin Mobility, itsinda rikomeye ry’abacuruzi mu nganda z’i Burayi, gutanga ibicuruzwa byiza by’imodoka nziza cyane ku masoko ya Suwede n’Ubudage.

●Mu ntangiriro z'Ukwakira, NIO yakoresheje ibirori bya NIO Berlin 2022 i Berlin, atangaza ku mugaragaro ko izashyiraho uburyo bushya bwo kwiyandikisha kugira ngo butange serivisi zuzuye mu Budage, Ubuholandi, Danemarke, na Suwede, maze bufungure ET7, EL7 na ET5 moderi eshatu za NIO NT2.Kwiyandikisha.

Mubyukuri, tubona ibirango byabashinwa MG, Kwirukana harimo na Polestar ya Geely byose bigurishwa muburayi.Ndabyumva nuko, niba ushaka gufata isoko muburayi, uburyo bwo kwinjira nibyingenzi.

Uburayi bwanatangaje Amabwiriza y’Uburayi y’uburayi, akubiyemo ibyiciro byose byubuzima bwa bateri: kuva mu gutunganya no gutunganya ibikoresho fatizo bya batiri, kugeza ku bicuruzwa bikomoka kuri batiri, kugeza igihe cyo gutunganya bateri zaciwe kandi zirangiye.Mu rwego rwo gusubiza ibyifuzo bishya byashyizwe ahagaragara mu mabwiriza mashya, ibigo bigomba gufata ingamba ku gihe mu iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa, kugura ibikoresho fatizo no gucunga amasoko, no gutegura no gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo gusubiza hagati n’igihe kirekire.Mubyukuri, aya mabwiriza ya batiri azazana imbogamizi nyinshi kumurongo wagaciro wa batiri, cyane cyane ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu nabakora amashanyarazi kugirango binjire kumasoko yuburayi.

▲ Igicapo 7. Amabwiriza ya batiri yu Burayi

Perezida wa Komisiyo y’Uburayi, von der Leyen, muri Nzeri yavuze ko Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ugomba gushimangira umubano n’ibihugu byizewe ndetse n’uturere tw’iterambere by’iterambere, kandi tukareba niba itangwa rya lithiyumu n’ubutaka budasanzwe kugira ngo habeho ubukungu bw’icyatsi kibisi.Azashyira ingufu mu kwemeza amasezerano y’ubucuruzi na Chili, Mexico na Nouvelle-Zélande, kandi aze guteza imbere imishyikirano n’abafatanyabikorwa nka Ositaraliya n’Ubuhinde.Umuryango w'ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ugomba kwirinda kwishingikiriza kuri peteroli na gaze mu gihe cyo kwerekeza mu bukungu bw’ibidukikije, yagaragaje ko kuri ubu dutunganya 90% by’ubutaka budasanzwe na 60% bya litiro.Komisiyo y’Uburayi izashyiraho amategeko mashya ,.Amategeko y’iburayi akomeye, kumenya imishinga ishobora gutegurwa no kubaka ibigega ahantu hashobora gutangwa.Niba bizaba nka IRA muri Amerika mugihe kizaza, twese dukeneye kubiganiraho.

▲ Igicapo 8.Isi yarahindutse ukundi

Incamake: Kubisobanuro byawe, ndumva inzira igana kuzamuka kwinganda yuzuye amahwa kandi ntishobora kwihuta mugihe gito.Hagomba kubaho uburyo bwuzuye bwo kubona ikibazo.