Iriburiro: Mu minsi mike ishize, inzego zibishinzwe zemeje ko politiki y’inkunga yo kugura ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu izahagarikwa ku mugaragaro mu 2022. Aya makuru yateje ibiganiro bishyushye muri sosiyete, kandi mu gihe gito, hari amajwi menshi akikije ingingo yo kwongerera inkunga ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu.Imodoka nshya zingufu ziracyari "impumuro nziza" nta nkunga?Nigute ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu bizatera imbere mugihe kizaza?
Hamwe no kwihutisha amashanyarazi mu nganda z’imodoka no guhindura imyumvire y’imikoreshereze y’abantu, iterambere ry’ibinyabiziga bishya bitanga ingufu byatangiye iterambere rishya.Amakuru yerekana ko umubare w’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu gihugu cyanjye mu 2021 bizaba miliyoni 7.84, bingana na 2,6% by’imodoka zose.Iterambere ryihuse ryibinyabiziga bishya byingufu ntaho bitandukaniye nogushyira mubikorwa politiki nshya yo kugura ingufu.
Abantu benshi bafite amatsiko: kuki iterambere ryimodoka nshya zingufu zikeneye inkunga ya politiki yinkunga?
Ku ruhande rumwe, ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu by’igihugu cyanjye bifite amateka magufi y’iterambere, kandi ishoramari mu bushakashatsi n’ikoranabuhanga ni ryinshi.Byongeye kandi, igiciro kinini cyo gusimbuza bateri no guta agaciro kwimodoka zikoreshwa nabyo byahindutse inzitizi zo kuzamura ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu.
Politiki yo gutera inkunga ifite akamaro kanini mugutezimbere ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu.Politiki y’inkunga yo kugura ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, byashyizwe mu bikorwa kuva mu 2013, byateje imbere cyane iterambere ry’inganda nshya z’imodoka n’imbere mu gihugu ndetse n’inganda zose mu myaka mike ishize.Guteza imbere iterambere ryinganda nshya zimodoka.
Mu minsi mike ishize, inzego zibishinzwe zemeje ko politiki y’inkunga yo kugura imodoka nshya z’ingufu izahagarikwa ku mugaragaro mu 2022. Aya makuru yateje ibiganiro bishyushye muri sosiyete, kandi mu gihe gito, hari amajwi menshi akikije ingingo ya kwagura inkunga kubinyabiziga bishya byingufu.
Ni muri urwo rwego, bamwe mu bahagarariye basabye ko inkunga ya Leta igomba gusubikwa mu gihe cy’umwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri, uburyo bwo kubona inkunga hakiri kare bworoshywa, kandi igitutu cy’imari cy’ibigo kigomba koroherezwa;imbaraga zubushakashatsi zigomba gushimangirwa kandi izindi politiki zishishikaza zigomba kunozwa vuba bishoboka kugirango isoko rikore neza kandi rirambye nyuma yinkunga nshya yimodoka zingufu zahagaritswe burundu.iterambere, no kuzuza intego ya "14th Five-Year-Plan" igamije iterambere rishya ryimodoka nshya zingufu.
Guverinoma nayo yahise isubiza vuba.Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho yatangaje ko muri uyu mwaka, izakomeza gushyira mu bikorwa politiki nk’inkunga yo kugura imodoka nshya z’ingufu, ibihembo n’inkunga igenerwa ibikoresho byishyurwa, no kugabanya no gusonerwa imisoro y’imodoka n’ubwato.Muri icyo gihe, izakora imodoka nshya z’ingufu mu cyaro.
Ntabwo ari ubwambere igihugu cyanjye gikora imodoka nshya zingufu mucyaro.Muri Nyakanga 2020, Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho, Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi n’ibikorwa by’icyaro, na Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi basohoye “Itangazo ryo gutwara ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu bikorwa byo mu cyaro”, ryakinguye umuryango w’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu jya mu cyaro.prelude.Kuva icyo gihe, urwego rw'igihugu rwagiye rukurikirana “Itangazo ryo Gukora Ibikorwa by'Ibinyabiziga bishya by'ingufu bijya mu cyaro mu 2021 ″ na“ Gahunda y’imyaka cumi n'itanu y’imyaka itanu yo guteza imbere ivugururwa ry’ubuhinzi n’icyaro ”.Imodoka izoherezwa mu cyaro, kandi kubaka ibikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza no guhinduranya ibikorwa mu mijyi yo mu ntara no mu mijyi yo hagati bizanozwa.
Uyu munsi, mu rwego rwo kuzamura ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu no kurushaho guteza imbere iterambere ry’amashanyarazi, igihugu cyongeye gushyira mu bikorwa “ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu cyaro”.Niba ishobora guteza imbere iterambere ryinganda nshya zijyanye ningufu zijyanye niki gihe gisigaye kugeragezwa mugihe.
Ugereranije n’imijyi, igipimo cy’imodoka nshya z’ingufu mu cyaro kinini ntabwo kiri hejuru.Amakuru yerekana ko igipimo cy’amashanyarazi yimodoka yabatuye mucyaro kiri munsi ya 1%.Umuvuduko muke w’ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu mucyaro bifitanye isano nimpamvu nyinshi, muribwo ibikorwa remezo bituzuye nko kwishyuza ibirundo nimpamvu nyamukuru.
Uko amafaranga y’abatuye mu cyaro yiyongera, abatuye mu cyaro babaye abakoresha imodoka nshya z’ingufu.Nigute wafungura isoko ryumuguzi wibinyabiziga bishya byingufu mucyaro byahindutse urufunguzo rwiterambere ryinganda nshya zimodoka zingufu.
Ibikorwa remezo mu cyaro ntibiragera neza, kandi umubare w’ibirundo byo kwishyuza hamwe na sitasiyo zisimburwa ni muto.Ingaruka zo guteza imbere buhumyi ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi birashobora kuba byiza, mugihe moderi ya lisansi-yamashanyarazi ifite ingufu nigiciro cyiza, ibyo ntibishobora kwihutisha iterambere ryimodoka mucyaro.Amashanyarazi arashobora kandi kuzana uburambe bwabakoresha.Mubihe nkibi, birashobora kuba byiza guhitamo guteza imbere moteri ya lisansi-amashanyarazi ukurikije imiterere yaho.
Iterambere ryimodoka nshya zingufu kugeza na nubu ziracyafite ibibazo byingenzi nkubushobozi buke bwo guhanga udushya twibanze byingenzi nka chip na sensor, kubaka ibikorwa remezo bidatinze, uburyo bwa serivisi bwasubiye inyuma, hamwe n’ibidukikije bidatunganye.Nyuma y’uko inkunga ya politiki igiye guhagarikwa, amasosiyete y’imodoka agomba kwifashisha politiki y’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu kugira ngo ajye mu cyaro guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ry’ibanze, guhanga udushya twa serivisi, kubaka urwego rwuzuye rw’inganda n’ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije mu nganda. , no guteza imbere cyane kubaka ibikorwa remezo mu gihugu.Munsi yinyuma, menya iterambere ryibinyabiziga bibiri byingufu mumijyi nicyaro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-06-2022