Guteza imbere kutabogama kwa karubone murwego rwose rwinganda nubuzima bwimodoka nshya

Kugeza ubu, abantu benshi mu nganda z’imodoka bibanda ku kongera umugabane w’ibinyabiziga bishya bitanga ingufu.Nyamara, inzego zibishinzwe zateguye icyerekezo cyiterambere cyinganda duhereye ku "buzima bwuzuye no guteza imbere urwego rwuzuye".Hamwe n'amashanyarazi asukuye hamwe nubushobozi buhanitse bwimodoka nshya, imyuka ya karubone yimodoka nshya zizagabanuka cyane.Ugereranije, igipimo cy’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere mu cyiciro cy’ibikorwa biziyongera.Kugirango ugabanye imyuka ya karubone mubuzima bwose, yaba bateri,motericyangwa ibigize, cyangwa imyuka ya karubone iva mu gukora no gutunganya ibindi bice nabyo bikwiye kwitabwaho.Iterambere rya karubone nkeya kubutabogamye bwa karubone ikora mubuzima bwose bwimodoka.Binyuze muri karubone nkeya yingufu zitangwa n’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, karuboni nkeya y’ibikoresho bitangwa, carbone nkeya y’umusaruro, hamwe na karuboni nkeya yo gutwara abantu, kutabogama kwa karubone mu nganda zose hamwe n’ubuzima bwose bizatezwa imbere.

Kugeza ubu, igipimo cy’isoko rishya ry’ingufu kiraguka vuba.Vuba aha, umuvugizi wa komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura ry’Ubushinwa, Meng Wei, mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru, yavuze ko, mu gihe kirekire, mu myaka yashize, umusaruro mushya w’ibinyabiziga by’ingufu n’igurisha mu gihugu cyanjye byazamutse vuba, urwego rw’ingenzi tekinoloji yaratejwe imbere cyane, kandi sisitemu ya serivise nko kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo byakomeje kunozwa.Twashobora kuvuga ko inganda nshya z’imodoka z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa zagize umusingi mwiza, kandi iterambere ry’imodoka nshya z’ingufu ryinjiye mu gihe cyo kwagura isoko ryuzuye.Komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura izashyira mu bikorwa gahunda nshya yo guteza imbere inganda z’ingufu z’ingufu kandi ikomeze guteza imbere iterambere ryiza ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu.

Bitewe n’iterambere ryimbitse ry’ibidukikije byo kurengera ibidukikije by’Ubushinwa, hamwe n’inkunga ya politiki mu ntangiriro, iterambere ry’inganda nshya z’imodoka zikoresha ingufu zikubye kimwe cya kabiri cy’ingufu.Uyu munsi, inkunga ziragabanuka, inzitizi zinjira zireremba, kandi ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu birakenewe cyane ariko bifite ibisabwa bikomeye.Nta gushidikanya ko ari icyiciro gishya cyibizamini byubwiza nikoranabuhanga ryibigo byimodoka bireba.Mubihe nkibi, imikorere yibicuruzwa, tekinoroji yo gukora ibinyabiziga, serivisi yimodoka nizindi nzego bizahinduka amarushanwa yibigo bitandukanye.Muri ubu buryo, niba amasosiyete mashya yimodoka yingufu afite ubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya, yaba afite tekinoroji yibanze, cyangwa niba afite urunigi rwuzuye rwinganda bizagena ibisubizo byanyuma byamarushanwa yo kugabana isoko.Ikigaragara ni uko mugihe isoko ryihutisha kubaho kwizima, ibintu byo gutandukanya imbere ni isuku rikomeye byanze bikunze bizabaho.

Guteza imbere kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya mubuzima bwose bwinganda zimodoka hamwe ninganda zose.Kutabogama kwa karubone mu nganda zitwara ibinyabiziga ni umushinga utunganijwe urimo ibintu byinshi nk'ingufu, inganda n'amakuru yo gutwara abantu, ndetse n'amasano menshi nk'iterambere, imikoreshereze, ndetse no gutunganya ibicuruzwa.Kugirango ugere kuri karubone no kutabogama kwa karubone mu nganda z’imodoka ntibisaba gusa iterambere ryayo mu ikoranabuhanga, Ubundi buhanga bujyanye nabyo, nk'ibikoresho byoroheje, ubwikorezi bwigenga, n'ibindi, birasabwa kandi gutera imbere hamwe.Minisiteri y’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga nayo yashyizeho gahunda yo kugabanya karubone n’ikoranabuhanga rya zeru nka karubone, ingufu zisubirwamo, kubika ingufu ziterambere hamwe na gride yubwenge, igice cya gatatu cyicyuma cyuma, gutunganya icyatsi no kongera gukoresha ibikoresho, hamwe nubwikorezi bwubwenge binyuze muri gahunda yigihugu yubumenyi nikoranabuhanga, hamwe niterambere rihuza.Kwerekana porogaramu yuzuye ihuriweho, ishyigikira imbaraga za tekinike zo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere mu nganda z’imodoka.

Dukurikije gahunda ya politiki, inkunga ya politiki y’imodoka nshya zizarangira ku mugaragaro umwaka utaha.Icyakora, mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ubukungu bushya bw’iterambere ry’ubukungu, guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’imodoka nshya n’iterambere ry’icyatsi na karuboni nkeya, inama nyobozi y’Inama y’igihugu yemeje ko hakomeza gushyirwa mu bikorwa politiki yo gusonera imisoro yo kugura ibinyabiziga ku binyabiziga bishya by’ingufu; .Mu mpera za 2023, bukurikije uko iterambere ryimodoka nshya zifite ingufu, iherezo ryinkunga ntirizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku kugurisha isoko, kandi isoko rishya ryingufu rizakomeza gutera imbere byihuse.Muri icyo gihe, muri politiki y’amafaranga azamurwa mu ntera nk’imodoka ijya mu cyaro, byanze bikunze kugurisha isoko biziyongera ku rugero runaka.

Hamwe niterambere ryinganda nshya zimodoka zingufu, nubwo hakiri ibitagenda neza mubuzima bwa bateri, tekinoroji ya batiri, kubungabunga no gucunga, iracyafite ibyiza byihariye kuruta ibinyabiziga bya lisansi gakondo.Abantu benshi mu nganda bemeza ko no mu gihe kirekire, ibinyabiziga bya lisansi, ibinyabiziga bivangavanze n’imodoka zifite amashanyarazi meza bizabana ku isoko, kandi ikirango cy’iterambere kizaza kizakomeza kuba “amashanyarazi”.Ibi birashobora kugaragara uhereye kumihindagurikire yisoko ryimodoka zifite amashanyarazi meza mubushinwa.Kuva munsi ya 2% kugeza kurenza ibinyabiziga bya peteroli gakondo, biteganijwe ko inganda zizahinduka mumyaka irenga icumi.Duhereye ku kurengera ibidukikije no gukoresha ingufu, igihe cyose inzitizi z’ibiciro zatsinzwe kandi hashyizweho uburyo bwuzuye bwo kubungabunga no gufata neza, amahirwe yo kumenya igishushanyo mbonera cy’ejo hazaza h’amashanyarazi meza azanozwa cyane.

Iterambere ry’ingufu z’ibinyabiziga ntabwo ari ingwate yingenzi yo kutabogama kwa karubone mu nganda z’imodoka, ahubwo inashyigikira ihinduka ry’icyatsi na karuboni nkeya ya sisitemu y’ingufu.Urebye iterambere rya karubone nkeya mu nganda z’imodoka, zirimo gukora no gukoresha, imyuka ya karuboni y’ubu ibinyabiziga ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukoresha lisansi.Hamwe nogutezimbere isoko ryogutezimbere ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu, imyuka ya karubone yimodoka izagenda ihinduka buhoro buhoro, kandi isuku yingufu zo hejuru zizaba ingwate yingenzi kubuzima buke bwa karubone.