Amashanyarazi, amasosiyete yimodoka yo mubushinwa araruhutse

Imodoka, nikihe kintu duhangayikishijwe cyane cyangwa duhangayikishijwe na byinshi, imiterere, iboneza, cyangwa ubuziranenge?

“Raporo ngarukamwaka yerekeye kurengera uburenganzira bw’umuguzi n’inyungu mu Bushinwa (2021)” yasohowe n’ishyirahamwe ry’abaguzi mu Bushinwa yavuze ko ishyirahamwe ry’abaguzi ry’igihugu rizemera ibirego birenga 40.000 byerekeranye n’imodoka n’ibice mu 2021, muri byo hakaba harimo ibibazo bine bikubiyemo: ibibazo byumutekano wibinyabiziga, ingufu nshya zikoresha imodoka zikoresha ubwenge, amakuru yo kugurisha imodoka ya kabiri ntabwo ahuye nibibazo nyirizina, ubuziranenge bwimodoka nyuma yubucuruzi no kuzamuka kwibiciro, nibindi.

Kubireba ibibazo byumutekano wimodoka, habaho kwihuta gutunguranye mugihe utwaye, flameout, amavuta yamenetse, moteri idasanzweurusaku, kunanirwa kuyobora feri, nibindi, byose birimo imbaraga na sisitemu gakondo.

Niba umubiri wimodoka wangiritse, niba icyuho ari kimwe, niba itandukaniro ryurwego ruringaniye, ndetse nimyaka ingahe bateri ishobora gukoreshwa, ibi nibibazo bya kabiri, kandi cyane cyane, sisitemu yingufu za moteri na garebox, kuva gutwika amavuta ahahagarara gitunguranye, byose Ni ikibazo cyumutekano wo gutwara.Mu myaka yashize, ibirango byigenga byazamutse hamwe, kandi tekinoloji zitandukanye zitezimbere zagiye hejuru.Muri byo, moteri na gearbox byahindutse intambwe nyamukuru no kumenyekanisha.Mubihe byashize, ibipimo bisanzwe byari moteri ya Mitsubishi na garebox ya Aisin.Ibicuruzwa byatangije urubuga rukomeye rwikoranabuhanga.

Iyo imodoka zije mugihe gishya cyo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, moteri na garebox byahindutse imibare.Niba moteri ishobora kugira umwanya mumasoko yimodoka ivanze, garebox yarahebwe burundu.

Yaba Honda, igura moteri ikohereza imodoka, cyangwa Volkswagen, yashyizeho umwanya wa mbere ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa hifashishijwe moteri ya turubarike hamwe n’ikwirakwizwa ry’ibice bibiri, inzitizi za tekiniki zidashobora kwirindwa n’ibirango byigenga no uko bafata kose, babuze bucece mugihe cyamashanyarazi..Iyo usubije amaso inyuma ukareba intambwe 10,000, kujya mu mahanga ni amateka y’inganda z’imodoka z’Ubushinwa, ariko yaba Urukuta runini cyangwa Chery, aho ujya ntabwo ari mu Burayi, Amerika n'Ubuyapani n’izindi nganda zikomeye z’imodoka, ahubwo ni mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Aziya , Amerika y'epfo n'utundi turere.Inzitizi z'ipatanti ni ikintu gikomeye.

Mugihe cyibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, nubwo nta masosiyete menshi yimodoka nkaBYDzifite sisitemu-y-amashanyarazi atatu-y-amashanyarazi, tekinoroji yo gutwara amashanyarazi ntishobora kwiharira n’amasosiyete mpuzamahanga y’imodoka, kandi hariho n’ibindi bice bitatu-bitanga ibicuruzwa byo guhitamo, ndetse n’Ubushinwa zeru Hariho abahagarariye indashyikirwa bahagije muri sisitemu yo gutanga ibikoresho. , amasosiyete yimodoka rero nka Weilai, Xiaopeng na BYD batangiye kwinjira mu Burayi, kandi amasosiyete menshi y’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi azasohoka mu gihe kiri imbere.

Mugihe cyamashanyarazi, amasosiyete yimodoka yo mubushinwa ntagikeneye gufata no guharanira gufata inganda zimodoka zimaze ibinyejana byinshi.Birasa nkaho ibigo byimodoka byigenga byabashinwa bishobora guhumeka neza.

Ndetse no mu Bushinwa, isoko ry’imodoka nini ku isi, ibyiza by’amasosiyete mpuzamahanga y’imodoka ku isoko ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ntabwo arenze urugero nko mu isoko ry’imodoka gakondo.

Mu myaka yashize, inganda z’imodoka mu Bushinwa zihutishije kubaho neza, kandi amasosiyete asigaye y’imodoka yatangiye kuzamuka hamwe.Ikiguzi-cyiza cyamasosiyete akomeye yimodoka mpuzamahanga, hamwe no gukomeza guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga nubuziranenge, kumasoko yimodoka ya lisansi, moderi zimwe zigenga zimaze kugira ubuyobozi butigeze bubaho.

Ariko, ibi ni ukuruhuka.Ku ikubitiro, yazanye gusa amashanyarazi "amavuta-ku-mashanyarazi" yerekana amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi.Ninzibacyuho no kugerageza, kure yigihe kizaza.

Ku isoko rishya ry’imodoka,Teslaikoresha "ubwenge" kugirango yerekane itandukaniro ryayo, kandi ishyira kandi amasosiyete yose yimodoka ya lisansi mumwanya wundi uteye isoni.Imodoka ntikiri ibicuruzwa gakondo byubukanishi gusa, nibicuruzwa byinshi byinganda za elegitoroniki, amashanyarazi namakuru.

Niba imyaka itandukanye yimodoka zifite amashanyarazi zifite ubwenge zahoze ari inkuru ya PPT kuva kumunwa wa Tesla, none hamwe haje ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi byera nka Volkswagen ID na Toyota bZ, iri tandukaniro nyaryo ryibisekuruza amaherezo rizemeza abakoresha.Iri ni itandukaniro ryuzuye.Igicuruzwa.Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibirango n'ibiranga amasosiyete gakondo y'imodoka byatangiye gusenyuka buhoro buhoro.Iyo dusuzumye neza ikoranabuhanga nuburyo ibinyabiziga bikomeye byamashanyarazi, haracyari ibintu byinshi byingenzi biva mumasosiyete mpuzamahanga yimodoka, ariko urwego rwigenga rutanga umwanya wingenzi.Abatanga amashanyarazi mu gihugu ntabwo ari CATL na BYD gusa, ahubwo ni abanyabwenge Sisitemu ninyungu zaho z’ibihangange bya interineti nka Huawei, Tencent na Baidu, hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rikomeye ryigenga ryigenga, nka Huawei, Horizon na Pony.ai ryabaye bizwi ninganda, kandi ibigo bimwe byimodoka byatangiye kugenzura iterambere ryigihe kizaza binyuze mubushakashatsi bwonyine Rhythm.

Kuva mumodoka gakondo ya lisansi kugeza kumashanyarazi, imodoka zUbushinwa zirashobora guhumeka neza.N'ubundi kandi, Uruganda rukora amamodoka mu Bushinwa rwabaye igice cy'ingenzi, kandi rufite n'ikoranabuhanga rya gatatu ryo kuguza.

Nyamara, amashanyarazi niyo shingiro ryimodoka zizaza, kandi tekinoroji yimodoka yubwenge ishingiye kuriyi ntanubwo yari ifite byinshi ikora kumodoka.Hamwe niki kibazo gishya, ndetse namasosiyete yimodoka yibihugu byinshi yaguye mubwoko bwose no mubibazo, tutibagiwe namasosiyete yigenga yimodoka adashobora guhuza umutungo wimari nibikoresho.

Mubyukuri yarokotse ibiza, kandi yari hafi kugwa muyindi ntambara ikomeye.

Niba inzitizi zigomba gucika mu bihe byashize zifite intego n'ibipimo, ntawe uzi aho ikoranabuhanga ry’imodoka zifite ubwenge, ubu ryiganjemo gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga, rizajya mu bihe biri imbere, ndetse hazabaho n'isoko rikomeye n'inzitizi za politiki muri isoko mpuzamahanga.

Kwiga ni nko koga ubwato kurubu, niba udatera imbere, uzasubira inyuma;umutima wawe ni nk'ifarashi ku kibaya, byoroshye kurekura ariko biragoye kuyisubiza inyuma.

Nkumuntu watinze, nyuma yimodoka zUbushinwa zihumeka neza kumasoko yamashanyarazi, bazatangira kandi kwihagarika imbaraga zabo kugirango barenge inganda zimaze ibinyejana byinshi kandi barangize umurimo wamateka yimodoka zubushinwa.

Imyaka itandukanye yimodoka yabashinwa iraza nyuma ya byose.