Imashini ya rukuruzi ihoraho ikoresha magnesi zihoraho kugirango zitange imbaraga za magneti ya moteri, ntisaba ibishishwa byibyishimo cyangwa ibyuka byishimye, bifite imikorere myiza nuburyo bworoshye, kandi ni moteri nziza yo kuzigama ingufu.Hamwe no kuza kwinshi-ibikoresho bihoraho bya magneti hamwe niterambere ryihuse rya tekinoroji yo kugenzura.Porogaramu ya moteri ihoraho ya moteri izaguka cyane. 
Amateka yiterambere rya moteri ihoraho Iterambere rya moteri zihoraho zijyana cyane niterambere ryibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho.igihugu cyanjye nicyo gihugu cya mbere kwisi cyavumbuye ibintu bya magnetique yibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho no kubishyira mubikorwa.Haraheze imyaka irenga ibihumbi bibiri, igihugu cacu cakoresheje ibintu bya magneti yibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho kugirango bikore compas, yagize uruhare runini mukugenda, igisirikare nizindi nzego.Yabaye kimwe mubintu bine byavumbuwe mugihugu cyanjye cya kera. Moteri ya mbere kwisi yagaragaye mumwaka wa 1820 yari moteri ya rukuruzi ihoraho hamwe numurima wa magneti ushimishije wakozwe na rukuruzi ihoraho.Nyamara, ibikoresho bya rukuruzi bihoraho byakoreshwaga muri kiriya gihe byari magnetite karemano (Fe3O4), ifite ingufu za magneti nkeya cyane, kandi moteri yakozwemo yari nini, kandi bidatinze yasimbuwe na moteri ishimishije. Hamwe niterambere ryihuse rya moteri zitandukanye no kuvumbura magnetiseri zubu, abantu bakoze ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kubijyanye nuburyo, imiterere nubuhanga bwo gukora ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho, kandi bagiye bavumbura ibyuma bya karubone nicyuma cya tungsten (ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu za magneti ntarengwa) ni hafi 2.7 kJ / m3), ibyuma bya cobalt (ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu za magneti ntarengwa ni 7.2 kJ / m3) nibindi bikoresho bya magneti bihoraho. By'umwihariko, AlNiCo magnesi zihoraho zagaragaye mu myaka ya za 1930 (ibicuruzwa ntarengwa bya magnetiki bishobora kugera kuri 85 kJ / m3) hamwe na ferrite ihoraho yagaragaye mu myaka ya za 1950 (ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu za magneti birashobora kugera kuri 40 kJ / m3) bifite ibintu bitandukanye bya rukuruzi.Hamwe niterambere ryinshi, mikoro itandukanye na moteri ntoya yakoresheje kwishimisha bihoraho.Imbaraga za moteri zihoraho za moteri ni ntoya nka miliwatt nkeya kandi nini nka kilowati icumi.Zikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bya gisirikare, inganda nubuhinzi nubuzima bwa buri munsi, kandi umusaruro wiyongereye cyane.Mu buryo nk'ubwo, muri iki gihe, hari intambwe imaze guterwa mu buryo bwo gushushanya, uburyo bwo kubara, gukoresha magnetisiyonike no gukora ikoranabuhanga rya moteri ihoraho, kandi hashyizweho uburyo bwo gusesengura n’ubushakashatsi bugereranywa n’igishushanyo mbonera cy’imashini zihoraho. 
Nyamara, imbaraga za magneti zihoraho za AlNiCo ziri hasi (36-160 kA / m), kandi ubwinshi bwimikorere ya ferrite ihoraho ntabwo iri hejuru (0.2-0.44 T), igabanya imikoreshereze yabyo muri moteri.Kugeza mu myaka ya za 1960 na 1980, isi idasanzwe ya cobalt magnesi zihoraho hamwe na neodymium fer boron ya magneti ahoraho (byombi byitwa ko ari isi idasanzwe ya magneti) byasohotse nyuma yikurikiranya, hamwe nubucucike bwabyo bukabije, imbaraga nyinshi, ingufu za rukuruzi zikomeye hamwe na demagnetisiyasi. umurongo.Imiterere myiza ya magnetiki ya moteri ihoraho ya moteri irakenewe cyane cyane mugukora moteri yamashanyarazi, kuburyo iterambere ryimoteri zihoraho ryinjiye mugihe gishya cyamateka. Ibiranga nibisabwa bya moteri ihoraho Ugereranije na moteri gakondo ishimisha amashanyarazi, moteri ya magneti ihoraho, cyane cyane-isi-idasanzwe ya moteri ihoraho, ifite ibyiza bigaragara nkimiterere yoroshye nibikorwa byizewe;ubunini buto n'uburemere bworoshye;igihombo gito no gukora neza;imiterere nubunini bwa moteri birashobora guhinduka kandi bitandukanye..Kubwibyo, urwego rusaba ni rugari cyane, rukubiyemo imirima hafi yindege zose, kurinda igihugu, inganda n’ubuhinzi nubuzima bwa buri munsi.Ibintu nyamukuru biranga moteri nyinshi zihoraho za moteri hamwe nibisabwa byingenzi byasobanuwe hano hepfo. Ugereranije na generator gakondo, imashini ihoraho ya magnetiki ihoraho ya generator yisi idasanzwe imashini itanga imashini ntikenera impeta yo gukusanya hamwe nigikoresho cyohanagura, kandi ifite imiterere yoroshye kandi igabanya igipimo cyo gutsindwa.Gukoresha isi idasanzwe ya magnesi ihoraho irashobora kandi kongera icyuho cyumuyaga wa magneti, kongera umuvuduko wa moteri kugeza ku giciro cyiza, no kunoza imbaraga-nini.Imashini hafi ya zose zikoreshwa mu ndege zigezweho no mu kirere zikoresha isi idasanzwe ya generator zihoraho.Ibicuruzwa byayo bisanzwe ni 150 kVA 14-pole 12 000 r / min ～ 21 000 r / min na 100 kVA 60 000 r / min idasanzwe yisi ya cobalt ihoraho ya magnet synchronous generator yakozwe na sosiyete ikora amashanyarazi muri Amerika.Moteri ya mbere idasanzwe ya moteri ihoraho yatejwe imbere mubushinwa ni 3 kW 20 000 r / min itanga amashanyarazi ahoraho. 
Imashini ihoraho ya magneti nayo ikoreshwa nkibikoresho bifasha moteri nini ya moteri nini ya moteri.Mu myaka ya za 1980, igihugu cyanjye cyateje imbere 40 kVA ~ 160 kVA isi idasanzwe ihoraho ya magnet auxiliary moteri ifite ubushobozi bunini kwisi muri kiriya gihe.Kunoza cyane kwizerwa kwimikorere ya sitasiyo. Kugeza ubu, amashanyarazi mato atwarwa na moteri y’imbere y’amashanyarazi yigenga, amashanyarazi ahoraho ku binyabiziga, hamwe n’amashanyarazi mato mato ahoraho atwarwa n’umuyaga ugenda utezwa imbere. Uruhare rwingenzi rwa moteri ihoraho ya moteri mubice bitandukanye byo gusaba 1 Ingufu zizigama ingufu zidasanzwe zidasanzwe za moteri zikoreshwa cyane cyane mugukoresha, nk'isi idasanzwe ya magneti ihoraho ya moteri ihuza inganda zikora imyenda ya fibre na chimique, peteroli, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, isi idasanzwe ya rukuruzi ihoraho ya moteri ikomatanya mumashini atwara amakara, isi idasanzwe moteri ya syncronous yo gutwara pompe nabafana batandukanye. 2 Moteri zitandukanye zidasanzwe zidasanzwe zikoreshwa na moteri zikoreshwa nubwoko butandukanye bwimodoka (imodoka, moto, gariyamoshi), kandi moteri idasanzwe ya moteri ihoraho ni isoko rinini.Dukurikije imibare, hafi 70% ya moteri idasanzwe ya rukuruzi ya moteri ikoreshwa mumodoka.Ku modoka zihenze, hariho moteri zirenga 70 za moteri zikoreshwa zitandukanye.Kubera ko ibisabwa na moteri zitandukanye zimodoka zitandukanye, guhitamo ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho biratandukanye.Imashini zikoresha moteri zikoreshwa mubyuma bikonjesha, abafana, hamwe nidirishya ryamashanyarazi.Urebye kubiciro, ibyiza bya ferrite bizakomeza mugihe kizaza.Ignition coil, drives, na sensor ziracyakoresha Sm-Co yacumuye.Byongeye kandi, ibice byimodoka, ariko nibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi ntibishobora kwirengagizwa, nkibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije (EV) hamwe n’ibinyabiziga bivanga amashanyarazi (HEV). 3 Ntibisanzwe isi ihoraho ya moteri ya moteri AC servo Sisitemu yimashini zihuza imashini zikoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imikorere ikomeye na sisitemu yo kugenzura umuvuduko.Sisitemu niyiyobora yama magnet ihoraho umubiri wa moteri.Sisitemu ikoreshwa mugutezimbere ibikoresho byimashini za CNC, tekinoroji yo gukora byoroshye;kandi no mu binyabiziga byamashanyarazi, aho kuba ibinyabiziga gakondo bikoreshwa nubushyuhe, kubwisanzure bwibisohoka.Ntibisanzwe isi ihoraho ya moteri ninganda zitanga ubumenyi buhanitse. 4 Umwanya mushya ugamije cyane cyane gushyigikirwa nubutaka buke budasanzwe isi ihoraho ya magnet synchronous moteri ihindagurika ryumuvuduko wa sisitemu yo kugenzura ibintu bishya byoguhumeka hamwe na firigo, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi bidafite amashanyarazi kubutaka butandukanye budasanzwe bwa moteri ya DC ya moteri ya moteri, isi idasanzwe ya magneti idahoraho. Moteri ya DC ni ibikoresho bifite imbaraga zitandukanye.Moteri nkiyi nayo irakenewe cyane. 5 Ntibisanzwe kwisi ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho hamwe nibyiza mubikorwa byo mu kirere bituma bikenerwa cyane na moteri ya moteri.Nubwo hari uburyo bumwe na bumwe bukoreshwa na moteri idasanzwe ya moteri ihoraho mu kirere (nka voltage ya generator no kurinda imiyoboro ngufi, nibindi), impuguke mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yarwo zemeza ko moteri idasanzwe ya moteri ihoraho ari icyerekezo cyingenzi cyiterambere kubisekuru bishya ya moteri. ikibazo cyibiciro
Moteri ya magnite ihoraho, cyane cyane moteri ntoya ya moteri ya DC, yakoreshejwe cyane kubera imiterere nuburyo bworoshye, igabanya misa, kandi muri rusange igiciro gito ugereranije na moteri ishimishije.Kubera ko isi idasanzwe ya rukuruzi ihoraho iracyahenze muri iki gihe, igiciro cya moteri idasanzwe ya moteri ya magneti ihoraho muri rusange irenze iy'imoteri ishimisha amashanyarazi, ikaba igomba kwishyurwa n’imikorere yayo myinshi no kuzigama amafaranga.
Rimwe na rimwe, nka moteri yijwi rya moteri ya disiki ya mudasobwa ya disiki, imikorere ya magneti ya NdFeB ihoraho iratera imbere, ingano na misa bigabanuka cyane, kandi igiciro cyose kikagabanuka.Mu gishushanyo, birakenewe kugereranya imikorere nigiciro ukurikije ibihe byihariye byo gukoresha nibisabwa kugirango uhitemo guhitamo, ariko kandi no guhanga udushya twubatswe no gushushanya uburyo bwo kugabanya ibiciro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-20-2022