Umugenzuzi wimodoka arimo ibice bibiri byingenzi, ibyuma na software.Porogaramu yibanze hamwe na porogaramu muri rusange byateguwe nababikora, mugihe abatanga ibice byimodoka barashobora gutanga ibyuma bigenzura ibinyabiziga hamwe nabashoferi bayobora.Kuri iki cyiciro, ubushakashatsi bw’amahanga ku kugenzura ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi meza byibanda cyane cyane ku binyabiziga bifite amashanyarazi meza bitwarwa n’ibizigamoteri.Ku binyabiziga byamashanyarazi bifite moteri imwe gusa, mubisanzwe ntabwo bifite ibikoresho bigenzura ibinyabiziga, ariko umugenzuzi wa moteri akoreshwa mugucunga ikinyabiziga.Ibigo byinshi binini byo mumahanga birashobora gutanga ibisubizo bikuze bigenzura ibinyabiziga, nka Continental, Bosch, Delphi, nibindi.
1. Ibigize n'ihame ry'umugenzuzi w'ikinyabiziga
Sisitemu yo kugenzura ibinyabiziga bifite amashanyarazi meza bigabanijwemo ibice bibiri: kugenzura hagati no kugenzura kugenzura.
Igitekerezo cyibanze cya sisitemu yo kugenzura ni uko umugenzuzi wibinyabiziga arangiza gukusanya ibimenyetso byinjira byonyine, asesengura kandi atunganya amakuru akurikije ingamba zo kugenzura, hanyuma agatanga amabwiriza yo kugenzura kuri buri mukoresha kugirango atware ibinyabiziga bisanzwe bya ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.Ibyiza bya sisitemu yo kugenzura ikomatanyirijwe hamwe ni gutunganya ibintu, igisubizo cyihuse nigiciro gito;ibibi ni uko umuzenguruko utoroshye kandi ntibyoroshye gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe.
Igitekerezo cyibanze cya sisitemu yagenzuwe ni uko umugenzuzi wibinyabiziga akusanya ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe byabashoferi, kandi akavugana numugenzuzi wa moteri hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga bateri binyuze muri bisi ya CAN.Umugenzuzi wa moteri hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga bateri bikusanya ibimenyetso byimodoka binyuze muri bisi ya CAN.yanyuze ku mucungamutungo.Umugenzuzi w'ikinyabiziga asesengura kandi agatunganya amakuru akurikije amakuru y'ibinyabiziga kandi bigahuzwa n'ingamba zo kugenzura.Nyuma yuko umugenzuzi wa moteri hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga bateri yakiriye itegeko ryo kugenzura, bagenzura imikorere ya moteri no gusohora bateri ukurikije amakuru ya leta agezweho ya moteri na batiri.Ibyiza byo gukwirakwiza sisitemu yo kugenzura ni modularité kandi igoye;ibibi ni igiciro kinini.
Igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu isanzwe igabanywa ibinyabiziga byerekanwe ku gishushanyo gikurikira.Igice cyo hejuru cya sisitemu yo kugenzura ibinyabiziga nigenzura ryimodoka.Umugenzuzi wimodoka yakira amakuru yumugenzuzi wa moteri hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga bateri binyuze muri bisi ya CAN, kandi itanga amakuru kumugenzuzi wa moteri na batiri.Sisitemu yo gucunga hamwe namakuru yimodoka yerekana sisitemu yohereza amategeko yo kugenzura.Umugenzuzi wa moteri hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga bateri bashinzwe gukurikirana no gucunga moteri itwara na batiri yingufuipaki, hamwe na bisi yamakuru yerekana sisitemu ikoreshwa kugirango yerekane amakuru yimodoka.
Igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu yo kugenzura ibinyabiziga bisanzwe
Igishushanyo gikurikira kirerekana ihame ryimiterere yimodoka nziza yamashanyarazi yatunganijwe nisosiyete.Ibyuma byumuzunguruko wibinyabiziga bigenzura birimo modul nka microcontroller, guhinduranya ingano, kugereranya ingano, kugereranya, gutwara ibinyabiziga byihuta cyane, hamwe na batiri yumuriro.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyibigize ibinyabiziga bifite amashanyarazi meza byateguwe nisosiyete
(1) Module ya Microcontroller Module ya microcontroller niyo ntandaro yo kugenzura ibinyabiziga.Urebye imikorere yikinyabiziga gikoresha amashanyarazi meza hamwe n’ibidukikije byo hanze yacyo, module ya microcontroller igomba kugira imikorere yihuse yo gutunganya amakuru, ikungahaye Ibiranga interineti yibikoresho, igiciro gito kandi cyizewe cyane.
., naho iyindi mpera ihujwe na microcontroller.
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. kuri sisitemu yihuta cyane bus.
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Umugenzuzi w'ikinyabiziga acunga, agahuza kandi akanakurikirana ibintu byose bigize urwego rw'amashanyarazi kugira ngo arusheho gukoresha ingufu z'ikinyabiziga no kurinda umutekano no kwizerwa.Umugenzuzi w'ikinyabiziga akusanya ibimenyetso byo gutwara ibinyabiziga, akabona amakuru ajyanye na sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga na batiri y’amashanyarazi binyuze muri bisi ya CAN, agasesengura kandi akabara, kandi agatanga amabwiriza yo kugenzura ibinyabiziga no gucunga bateri binyuze muri bisi ya CAN kugirango amenye kugenzura ibinyabiziga kandi kugenzura ingufu.no gufata feri yo kugenzura ingufu.Umugenzuzi w'ikinyabiziga afite kandi imikorere yimikorere yuzuye, ishobora kwerekana amakuru yimodoka;ifite imikorere yuzuye yo gusuzuma no gutunganya;ifite amarembo yimodoka nibikorwa byo gucunga imiyoboro.
2. Imikorere yibanze yumugenzuzi wimodoka
Umugenzuzi w'ikinyabiziga akusanya amakuru yo gutwara nk'ibimenyetso byihuta byihuta, ibimenyetso bya feri na feri yo guhinduranya ibyuma, kandi icyarimwe yakira amakuru yoherejwe na moteri ya moteri na sisitemu yo gucunga batiri kuri bisi ya CAN, akanasesengura amakuru afatanije nuburyo bwo kugenzura ibinyabiziga no guca imanza, gukuramo umugambi wo gutwara no gutwara ibinyabiziga bikoresha amakuru ya leta, hanyuma hanyuma wohereze amategeko unyuze muri bisi ya CAN kugenzura imirimo ya buri mucungamutungo kugirango umenye neza ibinyabiziga.Umugenzuzi w'ikinyabiziga agomba kugira imirimo y'ibanze ikurikira.
.Iyo umushoferi agabanije pedal yihuta cyangwa pederi ya feri, moteri yo gutwara ikenera gusohora imbaraga runaka zo gutwara cyangwa imbaraga zo gufata feri.Ninini ifungura pedal, niko imbaraga zisohoka za moteri ya moteri.Kubwibyo, umugenzuzi wibinyabiziga agomba gusobanura neza imikorere yumushoferi;yakira ibisobanuro byatanzwe muri sisitemu yimodoka kugirango utange ibitekerezo bifata umushoferi;no kohereza amategeko yo kugenzura kuri sisitemu yimodoka kugirango ugere kubinyabiziga bisanzwe.
.Mu micungire yimiyoboro yimodoka, umugenzuzi wibinyabiziga nicyo kigo cyo kugenzura amakuru, ashinzwe gutunganya amakuru no kohereza, kugenzura imiterere y'urusobe, gucunga imiyoboro, no gusuzuma amakosa y'urusobe no gutunganya.
.Ibi bigerwaho mugukoresha moteri yimodoka nziza yamashanyarazi muburyo bwo gufata feri.Isesengura ryumucungamutungo Intego yo gufata feri yumushoferi, ipaki yumuriro wa batiri hamwe namakuru yimiterere ya moteri, hamwe nuburyo bwo kugenzura feri yo kugarura ingufu, kohereza amategeko ya moteri hamwe namabwiriza ya torque kumugenzuzi wa moteri mugihe cyo gufata feri yo kugarura ingufu, bityo ko ikinyabiziga Moteri ikora muburyo bwo kubyara amashanyarazi, kandi ingufu zagaruwe na feri yamashanyarazi zibikwa mumashanyarazi ya batiri itagize ingaruka kumikorere ya feri, kugirango tumenye ingufu za feri.
.Kubwibyo, kugirango ubone intera ntarengwa yo gutwara, umugenzuzi wibinyabiziga azaba ashinzwe gutanga amashanyarazi yose.Gucunga ingufu kugirango tunoze imikoreshereze yingufu.Iyo SOC agaciro ka bateri ari muke, umugenzuzi wibinyabiziga azohereza amategeko kubikoresho bimwe byamashanyarazi kugirango agabanye ingufu ziva mubikoresho byamashanyarazi kugirango yongere umuvuduko.
.Byongeye kandi, umugenzuzi wibinyabiziga ahora amenya itumanaho rya buri module kuri bisi ya CAN.Niba isanze ipfundo kuri bisi ridashobora kuvugana bisanzwe, bizerekana amakuru yamakosa kuri sisitemu yo kwerekana amakuru yimodoka, kandi ifate ingamba zifatika kubibazo byihutirwa.gutunganya kugirango hirindwe ko habaho ibihe bikabije, kugirango umushoferi abashe kubona neza kandi neza amakuru yimikorere yimodoka.
(6) Gusuzuma no gutunganya amakosa Komeza ukurikirane sisitemu yo kugenzura ibinyabiziga bya elegitoronike kugirango isuzume amakosa.Ikimenyetso cyerekana amakosa yerekana icyiciro hamwe namakosa amwe.Ukurikije ibirimo amakosa, kora mugihe gikwiye cyo gutunganya umutekano.Kubwamakosa make adakomeye, birashoboka gutwara umuvuduko muke kuri sitasiyo yo kubungabunga hafi.
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Igishushanyo gikurikira ni urugero rwikinyabiziga gifite amashanyarazi meza.Igena intego yumushoferi mukusanya ibimenyetso byo kugenzura mugihe cyo gutwara no kwishyuza, kuyobora no guteganya ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigenzura ikoresheje bisi ya CAN, kandi ikoresha moderi zitandukanye muburyo butandukanye.Ingamba zo kugenzura kugirango tumenye ibinyabiziga bigenzura, kugenzura ingufu, kugenzura feri yo kugenzura ingufu no gucunga imiyoboro.Umugenzuzi w'ikinyabiziga akoresha ikoranabuhanga nka microcomputer, moteri yububasha bwubwenge hamwe na bisi ya CAN, kandi ifite ibiranga igisubizo cyiza kigenda neza, icyitegererezo cyiza, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya kwivanga no kwizerwa.
Urugero rwibinyabiziga bifite amashanyarazi meza
3. Ibishushanyo mbonera by'ibinyabiziga bisabwa
Senseri zohereza mu buryo butaziguye ibimenyetso ku mucungamutungo zirimo sensor yihuta ya pedal, sensor ya feri na sensor ya feri, aho icyuma cyihuta cya pedal sensor na feri pedal sensor isohora ibimenyetso bisa, kandi ibimenyetso bisohoka byerekana ibyuma byerekana ibimenyetso.Umugenzuzi w'ikinyabiziga agenzura mu buryo butaziguye imikorere ya moteri yo gutwara no kwishyuza no gusohora batiri y’amashanyarazi wohereza amabwiriza kuri moteri igenzura moteri na sisitemu yo gucunga bateri, kandi akamenya ko kuri moderi iri mu ndege agenzura imiyoboro nyamukuru .
Ukurikije ibice bigize urusobe rugenzura ibinyabiziga hamwe nisesengura ryibimenyetso byinjira n’ibisohoka by’umugenzuzi w’ibinyabiziga, umugenzuzi w’ibinyabiziga agomba kuba yujuje ibyangombwa bya tekiniki bikurikira.
① Mugihe utegura ibyuma byumuzunguruko, ibidukikije byo gutwara ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bigomba gutekerezwa byuzuye, guhuza imiyoboro ya electronique bigomba kwitabwaho, kandi ubushobozi bwo kurwanya interineti bugomba kunozwa.Umugenzuzi wibinyabiziga agomba kugira ubushobozi bwo kwikingira muri software hamwe nibyuma kugirango yirinde ko habaho ibihe bikabije.
Control Umugenzuzi w'ikinyabiziga agomba kuba afite intera ihagije ya I / O kugirango abashe gukusanya vuba kandi neza amakuru yinjiza atandukanye, kandi byibura inzira ebyiri zo guhindura A / D kugirango akusanye ibimenyetso byihuta byihuta nibimenyetso bya feri.Umuyoboro winjiza muburyo bwa digitale ukoreshwa mugukusanya ibimenyetso byikinyabiziga, kandi hagomba kubaho imiyoboro myinshi yerekana amashanyarazi yo gutwara ibinyabiziga.
Control Umugenzuzi w'ikinyabiziga agomba kugira imiyoboro itandukanye y'itumanaho.Imigaragarire ya CAN ikoreshwa mugutumanaho na moteri, sisitemu yo gucunga bateri na sisitemu yo kwerekana amakuru yimodoka.Imigaragarire ya RS232 ikoreshwa mugutumanaho na mudasobwa yakiriye, kandi interineti y'itumanaho RS-485 irabitswe./ 422 Imigaragarire yitumanaho, irashobora guhuzwa nibikoresho bidashyigikira itumanaho rya CAN, nka moderi zimwe na zimwe za ecran zo gukoraho.
④ Mubihe bitandukanye mumihanda, imodoka izahura nibitunguranye no kunyeganyega.Umugenzuzi w'ikinyabiziga agomba kugira imbaraga zo guhangana n’impanuka kugira ngo imodoka yizewe n’umutekano.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-09-2022